Energy Equipment and Systems

Energy Equipment and Systems

Performance and emission properties of CI engine using blends of diesel and 1-butanol

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Vijay Kumar 1, 2
Bhrat Singh 2
Manish Saraswat 3
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, ABES Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad UP, India
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, GLA University, Mathura UP, India
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lloyd Institute of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida UP, India
10.22059/ees.2025.2060694.1516
Abstract
Marine diesel engines, which heavily rely on fossil fuels, release harmful emissions into the atmosphere. To reduce this, we need to find alternative fuels, either by developing new options that reduce emissions or by exploring biofuel alternatives for marine engines. The present study investigates the performance characteristics and emission profiles of a marine compression ignition (CI) engine. Experiments were conducted utilizing three distinct blends of pure diesel, BDB5 (95% diesel + 5% 1-butanol), and BDB10 (90% diesel + 10% 1-butanol), with their properties confirmed to be within the acceptable limits of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. Testing was performed on a dedicated compression ignition engine test apparatus under 100% loading conditions, spanning an engine speed range from 1000 to 3200 rpm. The experimental result shows that the average decrease in the torque, brake power (BP) and exhaust gas temperature (EGT) is observed 1.2%, 1.35%, 1.33% for BDB5, and 6.4%, 6.87%, 2.19% for BDB10, respectively. The decrement in exhaust gasses like oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and Carbon dioxide (CO2) is decreased by 6.9%, 4.79%, 3.65% for BDB5 and 11.07%, 6.53%, 7.93% for BDB10, respectively. A significant decrease 18.29% & 32.88% in smoke is noted for BDB5 and BDB10 fuel blends respectively when compared with pure diesel. An increment 2.14% (BDB5) and 8.55% (BDB10) is observed in brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC). Despite the minor compromises, the substantial emission reductions offered by 1-butanol/diesel blends indicate their strong potential as a cleaner alternative fuel for marine propulsion systems.
Keywords
Diesel
Emissions
Performance
1-Butanol
Blends

Subjects

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Energy Equipment and Systems
Volume 13, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
Autumn 2025
Pages 445-454