A comprehensive experimental approach to understanding the effects of surface wettability on bubble formation at submerged orifices

Izadiamoli, Sara; Mashhadi Keshtiban, Mohsen; Sattari, Amirmohammad; Hanafizadeh, Pedram

doi:10.22059/ees.2024.2042796.1482

A comprehensive experimental approach to understanding the effects of surface wettability on bubble formation at submerged orifices

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Sara Izadiamoli ¹

Mohsen Mashhadi Keshtiban ²

Amirmohammad Sattari ³

Pedram Hanafizadeh ²

¹ Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino 10129, Italy.

² School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

³ Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

10.22059/ees.2024.2042796.1482

Abstract

This research investigates single-bubble growth through experimental gas injection into submerged orifices immersed in distilled water at room temperature. The study examines various parameters affecting bubble dynamics, including orifice diameter (1, 2, and 3 mm), surface wettability (neutral aluminum, hydrophilic, superhydrophobic), and gas injection flow rate (12-60 mlph). Bubbles are generated via air injection into the liquid column using a syringe pump, and bubble formation characteristics are analyzed using image processing techniques and the Young-Laplace equation. Force analysis is employed to further evaluate the results. The study identifies three distinct stages in bubble growth: waiting, expansion, and necking. Decreasing the wettability of the orifice leads to an increase in both the volume and Reynolds number of the separation bubble, while reducing the frequency of bubble growth. Notably, bubbles formed at superhydrophobic orifices exhibit unique characteristics. For example, necking of the bubble occurs rapidly due to the contact angle never reaching 90°, resulting in a significant velocity increase during detachment. Additionally, the contact line of the bubble remains in a steady state condition throughout its growth.

Keywords

Bubble Formation

Surface Wettability

Force Analysis

Hydrophilic

Superhydrophobic

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