Design and optimization of an energy hub based on combined cycle power plant to improve economic and exergy objectives

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Graduate Faculty of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

This paper uses the energy hub concept to meet the water, heat and electricity demand of a power plant in the Qeshm island in south of Iran. Given the power plant’s high potential for waste heat recovery and some scenarios were considered using the hub energy concept based on energy, exergy, environmental and economic analyzes in terms of meeting the demands of the hub and purchasing/selling energy carriers including electricity, heating, freshwater as well as its production using gas turbine, steam turbine, boiler, Reverse Osmosis (RO) and Multi-Effect Desalination (MED) system. Energy hubs are optimized based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA) with the goal of supplying demand, as well as reducing costs and pollutants and increasing the exergy efficiency which ultimately will be selected using the concept of an energy hub at its optimal capacity. By comparing the two energy supplying systems of the current case study and optimal energy hub, results showed that the Total Annual Cost (TAC) level decreased by about 257904 $/year and exergy efficiency increased by 34.31%. CO2 emission will also decrease by about 471 tons/year.

Keywords


[1] Stewart B, Hoang M, Zarzo D, Olewniak F, Campos E, Bolto B, Barron O. Desalination techniques: A review of the opportunities for desalination in agriculture. Desalination 2015; 364:2–16.
[2] Lattemann S, Kennedy M.D, Schippers J.C, Amy G. Sustainable water for the future: water recycling versus desalination chapter 2 global desalination situation, Sustain. Water Future 2010; 2:7–39.
[3] Lattemann S, Kennedy M.D, Shippers J.C, Amy G. Sustainability Science and Engineering, Elsevier B.V., 2010.
[4] GWI, IDA, Desalination Yearbook 2016–2017, Water Desalination Report. Global Water Intelligence 2016.
[5] Voutchkov N. Energy use for membrane seawater desalination – current status and trends. Desalination 2018; 431:2-14.
[6] AcuaMed, La desalación en España. Sostenibilidad para zonas vulnerables (Desalination in Spain. Sustainability for vulnerable areas), Ministry of Environment, Rural and Marine. Spain Government, 2011.
[7] Shalaby S.M. Reverse osmosis desalination powered by photovoltaic and solar Rankine cycle power systems: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2017; 73:789–797.
[8] Choon Ng K, Shahzad M. Wakil. Sustainable desalination using ocean thermocline energy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2018; 82:240–246.
[9] Pouyfaucona A. Buenaventura, García-Rodríguez L. Solar thermal-powered desalination: A viable solution for a potential market. Desalination 2018; 435:60-69.
[10] Mokhtari H, Ahmadisedigh H, Ebrahimi I. Comparative 4E analysis for solar desalinated water production by utilizing organic fluid and water. Desalination 2016; 377:108–122.
[11] Salcedo R, Antipova E, Boer D, Jiménez L, Guillén-Gosálbez G, Multi-objective optimization of solar Rankine cycles coupled with RO desalination considering economic and life cycle environmental concerns. Desalination 2012; 286:358–371.
[12] Sharon H, Reddy K.S. A review of solar energy driven desalination technologies. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2015; 41:1080–1118.
[13] Roger J. Francey, Cathy M. Trudinger, Marcel van der Schoot, Rachel M. Law, Paul B. Krummel, Ray L. Langenfelds, L. Paul Steele, Colin E. Allison, Ann R. Stavert, Robert J. Andres, Christian Rödenbeck. Atmospheric verification of anthropogenic CO2 emission trends. Nature Climate Change 2013; 3:520–524.
[14] Peters GP, Andrew RM, Boden T, Canadell JG, Ciais P, Quéré C. Le, Marland G, Raupach MR, Wilson C, the challenge to keep global warming below 2 °C. Nature Climate Change 2013; 3:4–6.
[15] Kabeel AE, El-Said Emad MS. Technological aspects of advancement in low-capacity solar thermal desalination units. International Journal of Sustainable Energy 2013; 32: 315-332.
[16] Kabeel AE, El-Said Emad MS. Economic analysis of a small-scale hybrid air HDH-SSF (humidification and dehumidification water flashing evaporation) desalination plant. Energy 2013; 53:306-311.
[17] Brahman F, Honarmand M, Jadid S, Optimal electrical and thermal energy management of a residentialenergy hub, integrating demand response and energy storage system. Energy and Buildings 2015; 90:65–75.
[18] Mohammadi M, Noorollahi Y, Mohammadi-ivatloo B, Hosseinzadeh M, Yousefi H, Torabzadeh Khorasani S. Optimal management of energy hubs and smart energy hubs – A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2018; 89:33–50.
[19] AlRafea K, Fowler M, Elkamel A, Hajimiragha A. Integration of renewable energy sources into combined cycle power plants through electrolysis generated hydrogen in a new designed energy hub. International journal of hydrogen energy 2016; 41:16718-16728.
[20] Togawa T, Fujita T, Dong L, Fujii M, Ooba M. Feasibility assessment of the use of power plant-sourced waste heat for plant factory heating considering spatial configuration. Journal of Cleaner Production 2014; 81:60-69.
[21] Amiri A, Vaseghi M.R. Waste Heat Recovery Power Generation, Systems for Cement Production Process.  IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2015; 51:13 – 19.
[22] Kabir G, Abubakar A.I, El-Nafaty U.A. Energy audit and conservation opportunities for pyroprocessing unit of a typical dry process cement plant. Energy 2010; 35:1237–1243.
[23] Renewable Energy Organization of Iran. www.satba.gov.ir. (Access time: 2017(
[24] Madlool N.A, Saidur R, Hossain M.S, Rahim N.A. A critical review on energy use and savings in the cement industries, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2011; 15:2042–2060.
[25] Salimi M, Amidpour M. Investigating the integration of desalination units into cogeneration systems utilizing R-curve tool. Desalination 2017; 419:49-59.
[26] Chiranjeevi C, Srinivas T. Augmented desalination with cooling integration Dessalement augmenté avec refroidissement. International Journal of Refrigeration 2017; 80:106-119.
[27] Astolfi M, Mazzola S, Macchi P. Silva Ennio. A synergic integration of desalination and solar energy systems in stand-alone microgrids. Desalination 2017; 419:169-180.
[28] Mokhtari H, Sepahvand M, fasihfar A. Thermoeconomic and exergy analysis in using hybrid systems (GT+MED+RO) for desalination of brackish water in Persian Gulf. Desalination 2016; 399:1-15.
[29] Shahzad M. W, Burhan M, Ng K.C. Pushing desalination recovery to the maximum limit: Membrane and thermal processes integration. Desalination 2017; 416:54-64.
[30] Azhar M. Shuja, G. Rizvi, Dincer I. Integration of renewable energy based multigeneration system with desalination. Desalination 2017; 404:72-78.
[31] Nemati A, Sadeghi M, Yari M. Exergoeconomic analysis and multi-objective optimization of a marine engine waste heat driven RO desalination system integrated with an organic Rankine cycle using zeotropic working fluid, Desalination. 2017; 422:113-123.
[32] Reynolds J, Ahmad M. W, Rezgui Y, Hippolyte J. Operational supply and demand optimization of a multi-vector district energy system using artificial neural networks and a genetic algorithm. Applied Energy 2019; 235:699–713.
[33] Moeini-Aghtaie M, Fotuhi-Firuzabad M. Multiagent Genetic Algorithm: An Online Probabilistic View on Economic Dispatch of Energy Hubs Constrained by Wind Availability. IEEE Transactions on sustainable energy 2014; 5:699–708.
[34] Ko M. J, Kim Y. Sh, Chung M. H, Jeon H. Ch. Multi-Objective Optimization Design for a Hybrid Energy System Using the Genetic Algorithm. Energies 2015; 8:2924-2949.
[35] Kampouropoulose K. Multi-objective optimization of an energy hub using artificial intelligence, A thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, 2018.
[36] Mohammadi S, Moradi-Dalvand M, Ghasemi H, Ghazizadeh M.S. Optimal Design of Multicarrier Energy Systems Considering Reliability Constraints. IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery 2015; 30:878-886.
[37] Geidl M, Koeppel G, Favre-Perrod P, Klöckl B. The Energy Hub – A Powerful Concept for Future Energy Systems. Third Annual Carnegie Mellon Conference on the Electricity Industry 2007:13 – 14.
[38] Chorak A, Palenzuela P, Alarcón-Padilla D.C, Abdellah A. B. Experimental characterization of a multi-effect distillation system coupled to a flat plate solar collector field:  empirical correlations.  Applied Thermal Engineering 2017; 120:298-313.
[39] Water & Process Solutions, FILMTEC™ Reverse Osmosis Membranes Technical, Dow Water & Process Solutions - The Dow Chemical Company. (Access time: 2011(
[40] Guideline for drinking Water Quality, Fourth edition incorporation the first addendum, World Health Organization. 2017.
[41] Asgari S, Noorpoor A.R, Boyaghchi F.A. Parametric assessment and multi-objective optimization of an internal auto-cascade refrigeration cycle based on advanced exergy and exergoeconomic concepts. Energy 2017; 125:576-590.
[42] Rosen MA, Dincer I, Kanoglu M. Role of exergy in increasing efficiency and sustainability and reducing environmental impact. Energy Policy 2008; 36:128-137.
[43] Ameri M, Mokhtari H, Mostafavi Sani M. 4E analyses and multi-objective optimization of different fuels application for a large combined cycle power plant. Energy 2018; 156:371-386.
[44] Boyaghchi F. A, Chavoshi M, Sabeti V. Multi-generation system incorporated with PEM electrolyzer and dual ORC based on biomass gasification waste heat recovery: Exergetic, economic and environmental impact optimizations. Energy 2018; 145:38-51.
[45] Sharqawy Mostafa H, Lienhard John H, Zubair Syed M. On exergy calculations of seawater with applications in desalination systems, International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2011;50:187-196.
[46] BarzegarAvval H, Ahmadi P, Ghaffarizadeh A.R, Saidi M.H. Thermo-economic-environmental multiobjective optimization of a gas turbine power plant with preheater using evolutionary algorithm, Int. J. Energy Res 2011; 35: 389–403.
[47] Ghasemi A, Heidarnejad P, Noorpoor A.R. A novel Solar-Biomass Based Multi-Generation Energy System Including Water Desalination and Liquefaction of Natural Gas System: Thermodynamic and Thermoeconomic optimization. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018; 196:424-437.
[48] Piacentino A. Application of advanced thermodynamics, thermoeconomics and exergy costing to a Multiple Effect Distillation plant: In-depth analysis of cost formation process. desalination 2015; 371:88–103.
[49] Hajabdollahi H. Investigating the effects of load demands on selection of optimum CCHP-ORC plant. Applied Thermal Engineering 2015; 87:547-558
[50] Breeze P. The Cost of Power Generation The current and future competitiveness of renewable and traditional technologies. 2010.
[51] Sanaye S, Khakpaay N. Simultaneous use of MRM (maximum rectangle method) and optimization methods in determining nominal capacity of gas engines in CCHP (combined cooling, heating and power) systems. Energy 2014;72:145-158.
[52] Boyaghchi F. A, Chavoshi M. Monthly assessments of exergetic, economic and environmental criteria and optimization of a solar micro-CCHP based on DORC. Solar Energy 2018; 166: 351-370.
[53] Web Site of Iranian Ministry of Energy, www.moe.gov.ir. )Access time: 2018(
[54] Hajabdollahi H, Ganjehkaviri A, Nazri Mohd Jaafar M. Assessment of new operational strategy in optimization of CCHP plant or different climates using evolutionary algorithms. Applied Thermal Engineering 2015; 75:468-480.
[55] Mabrouk A, Nafey A.S, Fath H.E.S. Thermoeconomic analysis of some existing desalination processes. Desalination 2007; 205:354–373.
[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency, www.epa.gov. )Access time:2018(